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Electret materials have been known since the 1920s and were proposed as condenser microphone elements several times, but they were considered impractical until the foil electret type was invented at Bell Laboratories in 1961 by Gerhard Sessler and James West, using a thin metallized Teflon foil.
Gerhard M. Sessler (born 15 February 1931 in Rosenfeld, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) [1] is a German inventor and scientist. He is Professor emeritus at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology of the Technische Universität Darmstadt.
First patent on foil electret microphone by G. M. Sessler et al. (pages 1 to 3) An electret microphone is a type of condenser microphone invented by Gerhard Sessler and Jim West at Bell laboratories in 1962. [24] The externally applied charge used for a conventional condenser microphone is replaced by a permanent charge in an electret material.
English: A typical electret microphone preamp circuit uses a FET in a common source configuration. The two-terminal electret capsule contains an FET which must be externally powered by supply voltage V +. The resistor sets the gain and output impedance. The audio signal appears at the output, after a DC-blocking capacitor.
Neumann U 87 with shock mount. Introduced in 1967 as the solid-state successor to the U 67, [4] [5] [1] Neumann introduced the U 87 alongside the KM 86, KM 84, and KM 83 as part of the company's first 'FET 80' series of microphones that utilized use solid-state FET electronics that didn't require separate power supplies or multi-pin power cables and allowed the mics to be made smaller. [6]
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