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Protracted bacterial bronchitis in children, is defined as a chronic productive cough with a positive bronchoalveolar lavage that resolves with antibiotics. [ 77 ] [ 78 ] Protracted bacterial bronchitis is usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae , non-typable Haemophilus influenzae , or Moraxella catarrhalis . [ 78 ]
Acute bronchitis can be caused by contagious pathogens, most commonly viruses. Typical viruses include respiratory syncytial virus , rhinovirus , influenza , and others. Bacteria are uncommon pathogens but may include Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Chlamydophila pneumoniae , Bordetella pertussis , Streptococcus pneumoniae , and Haemophilus influenzae .
Additionally, bronchitis is described as either acute or chronic depending on its presentation and is also further described by the causative agent. Acute bronchitis can be defined as acute bacterial or viral infection of the larger airways in healthy patients with no history of recurrent disease. [8]
The percentage of children ages 2-4 diagnosed with a respiratory illness-bacteria grew from 1% to 7.2% between March 31 and Oct. 5, the CDC reported. Walking pneumonia, acute bronchitis cases are ...
The very same viruses that cause the flu or a cold can make their way to your chest and lungs. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290 ...
This medicine does not effectively treat a viral infection like sore throats, influenza, bronchitis, sinusitis and common respiratory tract infections. [15] [16] This is because antibiotics were developed to target features of bacteria that are not present in viruses, and so antibiotics are ineffective as antiviral agents. [17] [18]
A history of exposure to potential causes and evaluation of symptoms may help in revealing the cause the exacerbation, which helps in choosing the best treatment. A sputum culture can specify which strain is causing a bacterial AECB. [5] An early morning sample is preferred. [7] E-nose showed the ability to smell the cause of the exacerbation. [8]
The organism also causes many types of pneumococcal infections other than pneumonia. These invasive pneumococcal diseases include bronchitis, rhinitis, acute sinusitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, meningitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, peritonitis, pericarditis, cellulitis, and brain abscess. [6]