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A key square is a square such that if White's king occupies it, White can force the pawn to promotion, regardless of where the black king is and regardless of which side is to move, and against any defense (assuming that the black king cannot capture the pawn). The key squares are relative to the position of the pawn.
Advancing the king's pawn two squares is highly useful because it occupies a center square, attacks the center square d5, and allows the development of White's king's bishop and queen. Bobby Fischer said that the King's Pawn Game is "Best by test", [2] and proclaimed that "With 1.e4! I win." [3] [page needed]
Black's king cannot move to squares under attack by the white bishop, knight, queen, or pawn; White's king cannot move to squares under attack by the black queen. The white king starts on e1, on the first file to the right of the queen from White's perspective.
An example is the position in the first diagram, with Black to move. White has the direct opposition in this position, but it does him no good because his king cannot attack the black pawn after the black king moves away. White needs to achieve direct opposition closer to the pawn. 1... Kf8 2. Kd6. and White has the diagonal opposition (second ...
White is to move and draw in this position. At first inspection, it appears that White has no hope in drawing. His king is well outside the square of the black pawn (see King and pawn versus king endgame § Rule of the square) and the king is a long way from supporting his own pawn. However, White can draw by making king moves that have dual ...
It is a win for the side with the pawn. The essential characteristics are that White's king is on the queening square in front of their pawn, the pawn is on the b- through g-files, the black rook cuts off White's king from escaping away from the black king, and the Black king is cut off on a file. White wins in the position in the diagram by 1 ...
King and pawn endgames involve only kings and pawns on one or both sides. International Master Cecil Purdy said, "Pawn endings are to chess as putting is to golf." Any endgame with pieces and pawns has the possibility of simplifying into a pawn ending. [16] In king and pawn endings, an extra pawn is decisive in more than 90 percent of the cases ...
Black's king must stay close to where it is; he must prevent the c-pawn from advancing, and he must not let himself be driven to the edge of the board. The squares d5 and d7 are corresponding squares; when White's king is on d5, Black's king must be on d7, with White to move in order for Black to prevent the advance of the White king. White has ...