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For example Peranakan Tionghoa/Cina may simply mean "Chinese descendants"; likewise Jawi Peranakan can mean "Arab descendants", or Peranakan Belanda "Dutch descendants". [16] [17] However, in a semantic shift, the word peranakan has come to be used as a "metaphorical" adjective that has the meaning of "locally born but non-indigenous". [12]
Philippine folk literature refers to the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. Thus, the scope of the field covers the ancient folk literature of the Philippines' various ethnic groups , as well as various pieces of folklore that have evolved since the Philippines became a single ethno-political unit.
'Peranakan' is the antonym of 'Totok', the former meaning simply 'descendants' (of mixed roots), and the latter meaning 'pure'. [ 4 ] [ 6 ] Chinese were divided into Thanh people (like Totok) and Minh Huong (mixed Chinese Vietnamese like Peranakan) in 1829 by Emperor Minh Mang of the Nguyen dynasty.
Biag ni Lam-ang (lit. ' The Life of Lam-ang ') is an epic story of the Ilocano people from the Ilocos region of the Philippines.It is notable for being the first Philippine folk epic to be recorded in written form, and was one of only two folk epics documented during the Philippines' Spanish Colonial period, along with the Bicolano epic of Handiong.
The use of commas, conjunctions, and a variation of English known as Filipino-English or Taglish are also most present in Philippine literature. [2] [3] Many of these elements used by Filipino writers had an impact in the history of literature as a whole.
Depiction of Lam-Ang, the protagonist of Biag ni Lam-Ang, an Ilocano epic.. Philippine epic poetry is the body of epic poetry in Philippine literature.Filipino epic poetry is considered to be the highest point of development for Philippine folk literature, encompassing narratives that recount the adventures of tribal heroes.
Women, on the other hand, wear a similar costume that are similar to the Peranakan Nonya. Alongside their Chinese of Tamilian ancestry and Malay neighbours, the Chitty live in Kampong houses. Pictures of Hindu gods and Indian names can be seen just outside their houses, as their descendants tend to adopt Indian, rather than Malay surnames.
Eugenio was a BSE degree holder and a cum laude graduate from the University of the Philippines. She obtained her M.A. degree in English Literature and folklore.She was a professor at the Department of English and Comparative Literature for the College of Arts in Diliman: Vol. III, The Legends, Philippine Folk Literature, University of the Philippines Press.