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The second version of HEVC has five profiles that allow for a bit depth of 8 bits to 16 bits per sample. [32] As of 2020, some smartphones have started using 30-bit color depth, such as the OnePlus 8 Pro, Oppo Find X2 & Find X2 Pro, Sony Xperia 1 II, Xiaomi Mi 10 Ultra, Motorola Edge+, ROG Phone 3 and Sharp Aquos Zero 2. [citation needed]
This format is a shortened (16-bit) version of the 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating-point format (binary32) with the intent of accelerating machine learning and near-sensor computing. [3] It preserves the approximate dynamic range of 32-bit floating-point numbers by retaining 8 exponent bits , but supports only an 8-bit precision ...
A 32-bit register can store 2 32 different values. The range of integer values that can be stored in 32 bits depends on the integer representation used. With the two most common representations, the range is 0 through 4,294,967,295 (2 32 − 1) for representation as an binary number, and −2,147,483,648 (−2 31) through 2,147,483,647 (2 31 − 1) for representation as two's complement.
The advantage over 8-bit or 16-bit integers is that the increased dynamic range allows for more detail to be preserved in highlights and shadows for images, and avoids gamma correction. The advantage over 32-bit single-precision floating point is that it requires half the storage and bandwidth (at the expense of precision and range). [5]
A floating-point variable can represent a wider range of numbers than a fixed-point variable of the same bit width at the cost of precision. A signed 32-bit integer variable has a maximum value of 2 31 − 1 = 2,147,483,647, whereas an IEEE 754 32-bit base-2 floating-point variable has a maximum value of (2 − 2 −23) × 2 127 ≈ 3.4028235 ...
It must be noted that not all systems using 16-bit color depth employ the 16-bit, 32-64-32 level RGB palette. Platforms like the Sharp X68000 home computer or the Neo Geo video game console employs the 15-bit RGB palette (5 bits are used for red, green, and blue), but the last bit specifies a less significant intensity or luminance.
This table illustrates an example of an 8 bit signed decimal value using the two's complement method. The MSb most significant bit has a negative weight in signed integers, in this case -2 7 = -128. The other bits have positive weights. The lsb (least significant bit) has weight . The signed value is in this case -128+2 = -126.
The IBM 1130, sold in 1965, [2] offered two floating-point formats: A 32-bit "standard precision" format and a 40-bit "extended precision" format. Standard-precision format contains a 24-bit two's complement significand while extended-precision utilizes a 32-bit two's complement significand. The latter format makes full use of the CPU's 32-bit ...