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The development of the Ordo Lectionum Missae was a response to the liturgical reforms initiated by the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965), with the aim of promoting active participation of the laity in the Mass. Prior to the council, the Roman Catholic Church adhered to a one-year cycle of readings, incorporating a limited selection of passages.
The foundation of the School of Nisibis is also attributed to Saint Jacob. [13] Saint Jacob attended the First Council of Nicaea in 325, and opposed Arius. [1] Saint Ephrem purportedly accompanied the saint to the council, however, this is considered apocryphal. [16] Saint Jacob attended the funeral of Saint Metrophanes of Byzantium in 326. [6]
After the preparation of the body and before the funeral itself begins, it is traditional for the Gospels to be read continuously over him. The reading may be performed by a bishop, priest or deacon. During the funeral procession, the Gospel Book is carried in front of the coffin, and there are several Gospel readings during the funeral.
As in its predecessors, readings are prescribed for each Sunday: a passage typically from the Old Testament (including in Catholic, Lutheran and Anglican churches those books sometimes referred to as the Apocrypha or deuterocanonical books), or the Acts of the Apostles; a passage from one of the Psalms; another from either the Epistles or the ...
The Roman Catholic lectionary includes a two-year cycle for the weekday mass readings (called Cycle I and Cycle II). Odd-numbered years are Cycle I; even-numbered ones are Cycle II. The weekday lectionary includes a reading from the Old Testament, Acts, Revelation, or the Epistles; a responsorial Psalm; and a reading from one of the gospels ...
Héliodore Pisan after Gustave Doré, "The Crucifixion", wood-engraving from La Grande Bible de Tours (1866). It depicts the situation described in Luke 23.. The illustrations for La Grande Bible de Tours are a series of 241 wood-engravings, designed by the French artist, printmaker, and illustrator Gustave Doré (1832–1883) for a new deluxe edition of the 1843 French translation of the ...
The Malabar Christians use the traditional books of the Church of the East, and the "Uniate" Chaldean Catholics have books revised (much Latinized) by the Synod of Diamper (1599; it ordered all their old books to be burned). The Malabar Catholic "Missal" was published at Rome in 1774, the "Ordo rituum et lectionum" in 1775.
Catholic interpretation generally holds that James, the Younger is the same James mentioned in Mark 16:1 and Matthew 27:56 and it is to be identified with James, the son of Alphaeus and James, the brother of Jesus. [14] According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, he is not identified with James the Great, [14] although this is disputed by some. [79]