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Diabetic hypoglycemia can be mild, recognized easily by the patient, and reversed with a small amount of carbohydrates eaten or drunk, or it may be severe enough to cause unconsciousness requiring intravenous dextrose or an injection of glucagon. Severe hypoglycemic unconsciousness is one form of diabetic coma. A common medical definition of ...
Reactive hypoglycemia can usually be relieved by dietary changes: [20] Avoiding or limiting sugar intake, including candy, sweet desserts, fruit juice, and drinks with added sugar. [20] [21] Eating only small amounts of starchy foods, including potatoes, pasta, breakfast cereals, and rice. [20] Eating a variety of foods, including:
[3] [2] Hypoglycemia is especially common in those in the intensive care unit or those in whom food and drink is withheld as a part of their treatment plan. [3] [17] Sepsis, a common cause of hypoglycemia in serious illness, can lead to hypoglycemia through many ways. [3] [17] In a state of sepsis, the body uses large amounts of glucose for energy.
They can elicit a variety of hormonal, autonomic, and behavioral responses to neuroglycopenia. The hormonal and autonomic responses include release of counterregulatory hormones. There is some evidence that the autonomic nervous system can alter liver glucose metabolism independently of the counterregulatory hormones.
The main goal of diabetes management is to keep blood glucose (BG) levels as normal as possible. [1] If diabetes is not well controlled, further challenges to health may occur. [1] People with diabetes can measure blood sugar by various methods, such as with a BG meter or a continuous glucose monitor, which monitors over several days. [2]
[citation needed] A list of common causes: Prolonged fasting Diarrheal illness in young children, especially rotavirus gastroenteritis; Idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia; Isolated growth hormone deficiency, hypopituitarism; Insulin excess. Hyperinsulinism due to several congenital disorders of insulin secretion; Insulin injected for type 1 diabetes
Alanine is a direct precursor in gluconeogenesis and can be used for treatment of ketotic hypoglycemia. If an episode begins, affected children should be given fluids and carbohydrate-rich foods immediately, if swallowing is not compromised. [2] A carbohydrate gel can be applied to the inside of the mouth in children who are unable to swallow.
Though it is treatable, it can be fatal if gone undetected. [1] Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic problem in newborns. [2] Neonatal hypoglycemia is hypothesized to occur in between 1 in 3 births out of every 1,000 births, but the true number is not known since there is no international standard for measurement.