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William Zisman's contribution of what is called today as the Zisman Plot revolutionized the world of adhesive bonding and surface chemistry by giving a fast, effective, and quantitative way to measure the wettability or critical surface tension of a solid. This spawned the work of many others over the past few decades.
Surface tension is an important factor in the phenomenon of capillarity. Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. [4] The two are equivalent, but when referring to energy per unit of area, it is common to use the term surface energy, which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to ...
(σ: surface tension, ΔP max: maximum pressure drop, R cap: radius of capillary) Later, after the maximum pressure, the pressure of the bubble decreases and the radius of the bubble increases until the bubble is detached from the end of a capillary and a new cycle begins. This is not relevant to determine the surface tension. [3]
A classical torsion wire-based du Noüy ring tensiometer. The arrow on the left points to the ring itself. The most common correction factors include Zuidema–Waters correction factors (for liquids with low interfacial tension), Huh–Mason correction factors (which cover a wider range than Zuidema–Waters), and Harkins–Jordan correction factors (more precise than Huh–Mason, while still ...
This image is a derivative work of the following images: File:SurftensionDiagram.png licensed with PD-user-w . 2007-09-01T14:57:35Z Karlhahn 350x192 (2130 Bytes) {{Information |Description=Author: Karl Hahn Subject: Illustrative diagram of surface tension forces on a needle floating on the surface of water (shown in crossection).
If the surface tension of water is known which is 72 dyne/cm, we can calculate the surface tension of the specific fluid from the equation. The more drops we weigh, the more precisely we can calculate the surface tension from the equation. [3] The stalagmometer must be kept clean for meaningful readings. There are commercial tubes for ...
This assumption is approximately fulfilled for most known liquids. When plotting the surface tension versus the temperature a fairly straight line can be seen which has a surface tension of zero at the critical temperature. The Eötvös rule also gives a relation of the surface tension behaviour of different liquids in respect to each other: 2.
γ is surface tension of the mixture; γ 0 is surface tension of pure water; R is ideal gas constant 8.31 J/(mol*K) T is temperature in K; ω is cross-sectional area of the surfactant molecules at the surface; The surface tension of pure water is dependent on temperature. At room temperature (298 K), it is equal to 71.97 mN/m [4]