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Service definitions, like the OSI model, abstractly describe the functionality provided to a layer N by a layer N−1, where N is one of the seven layers of protocols operating in the local host. At each level N, two entities at the communicating devices (layer N peers) exchange protocol data units (PDUs) by means of a layer N protocol.
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer: the layer most closely associated with the physical connection between devices. The physical layer provides an electrical, mechanical, and procedural interface to the transmission medium.
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
OSI model Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3] Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6 Presentation: Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption: 5 Session
Protocol data units of the OSI model are: [1] The Layer 4: transport layer PDU is the segment or the datagram. The Layer 3: network layer PDU is the packet. The Layer 2: data link layer PDU is the frame. The Layer 1: physical layer PDU is the bit or, more generally, symbol.
It works on OSI layer 2. Bridge: a device that connects multiple network segments. It works on OSI layers 1 and 2. [6] Repeater: an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances. [7]
In the OSI model, these are defined at layers 1 and 2 — the physical layer and the data link layer. A widely adopted family of transmission media used in local area network technology is collectively known as Ethernet. The media and protocol standards that enable communication between networked devices over Ethernet are defined by IEEE 802.3 ...
Within the hierarchy of the OSI model and IEEE 802 standards, the MAC sublayer provides a control abstraction of the physical layer such that the complexities of physical link control are invisible to the LLC and upper layers of the network stack. Thus any LLC sublayer (and higher layers) may be used with any MAC.