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The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate made up of two bones of the facial skeleton, located in the roof of the mouth. The bones are the palatine process of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of palatine bone. The hard palate spans the alveolar arch formed by the alveolar process that holds the upper teeth (when these are developed).
In anatomy, the palatine bones (/ ˈ p æ l ə t aɪ n /; [1] [2] derived from the Latin palatum) are two irregular bones of the facial skeleton in many animal species, located above the uvula in the throat. Together with the maxilla, they comprise the hard palate.
In human anatomy of the mouth, the palatine process of maxilla (palatal process), is a thick, horizontal process of the maxilla. It forms the anterior three quarters of the hard palate, the horizontal plate of the palatine bone making up the rest. It is the most important bone in the midface.
The palate (/ ˈ p æ l ɪ t /) is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity . [ 1 ] A similar structure is found in crocodilians , but in most other tetrapods , the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separated.
the pterygopalatine nerves to the hard palate. [2] the nasopalatine nerves from the floor of the nasal cavity. [3] the sopalatine branches of the infratrochlear nerve, a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (V1), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve. [4] the sphenopalatine artery supplying the mucous membrane covering the hard palate of the mouth. [3]
It emerges upon the hard palate through the greater palatine foramen. It then passes forward in a groove in the hard palate, nearly as far as the incisor teeth. While in the pterygopalatine canal , it gives off lateral posterior inferior nasal branches , which enter the nasal cavity through openings in the palatine bone , and ramify over the ...
The two incisive canals usually (in 60% of individuals) have a characteristic Y-shaped or V-shaped morphology: above, each incisive canal opens into the nasal cavity on either side of the nasal septum as the nasal foramina; below, the two incisive canals converge medially to open into the oral cavity at midline at the incisive fossa [1] as several incisive foramina.
It descends through the greater palatine canal with the greater and lesser palatine branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion, and, emerging from the greater palatine foramen, runs forward in a groove on the medial side of the alveolar border of the hard palate to the incisive canal; the terminal branch of the artery passes upward through this canal to anastomose with the sphenopalatine artery.