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Any form of intravenous infusion carries the risk of infection. Risk is heightened when the equipment being used is not properly sterilised. In intravenous iron infusions, free iron has been shown to potentiate bacterial growth. [12] Evidence associated with intravenous iron therapy and infection is inconclusive.
Chelation therapy removes iron from the blood. [5] This involves delivering iron chelating agents such as deferoxamine, deferiprone or deferasirox. [5] If iron overload has caused damage to end-organs, this is generally irreversible and may require transplantation. [clarification needed]
Mixed-deficiency (iron + B 12 or folate) anemia usually presents with high RDW and variable MCV. Recent hemorrhages typically present with high RDW and normal MCV. A false high RDW reading can occur if EDTA anticoagulated blood is used instead of citrated blood. See Pseudothrombocytopenia. By severity, elevated RDW can be classified as follows:
Anisocytosis is a medical term meaning that a patient's red blood cells are of unequal size. This is commonly found in anemia and other blood conditions. False diagnostic flagging may be triggered on a complete blood count by an elevated WBC count, agglutinated RBCs, RBC fragments, giant platelets or platelet clumps due to anisocytosis.
A 2013 study of over 400,000 people admitted to US hospitals found that 74% developed anemia at some point during their hospital stay. [5] Iatrogenic anemia is of particular concern in intensive care medicine, [6]: 629 because people who are critically ill require frequent blood tests and have a higher risk of developing anemia due to lower hemoglobin levels and impaired production of red ...
Iron overload (also known as haemochromatosis or hemochromatosis) is the abnormal and increased accumulation of total iron in the body, leading to organ damage. [1] The primary mechanism of organ damage is oxidative stress, as elevated intracellular iron levels increase free radical formation via the Fenton reaction.
Autoimmune hemolysis might be a precursor of later onset systemic lupus erythematosus. [5] The terminology used in this disease is somewhat ambiguous. Although MeSH uses the term "autoimmune hemolytic anemia", [6] some sources prefer the term "immunohemolytic anemia" so drug reactions can be included in this category.
Hemosiderin or haemosiderin is an iron-storage complex that is composed of partially digested ferritin and lysosomes. The breakdown of heme gives rise to biliverdin and iron. [1] [2] The body then traps the released iron and stores it as hemosiderin in tissues. [3] Hemosiderin is also generated from the abnormal metabolic pathway of ferritin. [3]