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The Hartheim, Bernberg, Sonnenstein and Hadamar centres continued in use as "wild euthanasia" centres to kill people sent from all over Germany, until 1945. [118] The methods were lethal injection or starvation, those employed before use of gas chambers. [120] By the end of 1941, about 100,000 people had been killed in the T4 programme. [121]
Kanner would later say that she was one of the three people to identify autism before he did. [79] Leo Kanner published the first American textbook on child psychiatry in 1935, [112] titled Child Psychiatry. (While many sources say he published the first English-language book of that kind, Kanner himself credits this to William Ireland). [113]
The Nazis and their collaborators killed children for these ideological reasons and in retaliation for real or alleged partisan attacks. [2] Early killings were encouraged by the Nazis in Aktion T4 , where children with disabilities were gassed using carbon monoxide , starved to death, given phenol injections to the heart, or hanged .
Schönbrunn Psychiatric Hospital, 1934. Photo by SS photographer Franz Bauer. Social Darwinism came to play a major role in the ideology of Nazism, where it was combined with a similarly pseudo-scientific theory of racial hierarchy in order to identify the Germans as a part of what the Nazis regarded as an Aryan or Nordic master race. [1]
25% or more of the Arab population (50,000 people) of Zanzibar were killed by the end of 1964. [167] Maya genocide: Guatemala: 1962 1996 166,000 [170] 166,000 [171] The Guatemalan genocide was the massacre of Maya civilians during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996) by successive US-backed Guatemalan military governments.
Strachwitz was to surround Hitler and his escorts with his tanks. Lanz stated that he would have then arrested Hitler, and in the event of resistance, Strachwitz's tanks would have killed the entire group. Hitler cancelled the visit and the plan was dropped. [19] Lanz told of this plot after the war.
According to Hoche, some living people who were brain damaged, intellectually disabled and psychiatrically ill were "mentally dead", "human ballast" and "empty shells of human beings". Hoche believed that killing such people was useful. Some people were simply considered disposable. [10]
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, [c] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.