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The same is true for several of the top 10 fastest-growing occupations dominated by women. Even among nurse practitioners, where women comprise 9 in 10 workers, they still earn about 2% less than men.
Nine out of 10 registered nurses are female. Other occupations where women are highly concentrated include human resources manager, social worker, and counselor.
Also, even within female-dominated professions, men are usually the ones making promotion decisions. Despite these setbacks, women have been performing their jobs well. Women make up 40.9% of the American workforce, and they are CEOs of some of the largest companies such as PepsiCo, Archer Daniels Midland, and W. L. Gore & Associates. [11]
Women make up roughly half of U.S. labor union membership, but representation in top level union leadership positions has lagged, even in female-dominated industries and particularly for women of ...
Women in female-dominated jobs pay two penalties: the average wage of their jobs is lower than that in comparable male-dominated jobs, and they earn less relative to men in the same jobs. Since 1980, occupational segregation is the single largest factor of the gender pay gap, accounting for over half of the wage gap. [31]
At the other end of the scale, women hold only 10.3% of board seats in Ireland and 7.9% in Portugal. [33] In Canada women hold 20.8% of board seats on companies in the S&P/TSX 60 index. [33] In the United States of America, women hold 19.2% of board seats on companies in the S&P 500. [33]
Whether the career is woman-dominated, men-dominated, or gender-balanced, men assume leadership positions at faster rates than women. When considering men in female-dominated professions, the four professions often examined for this phenomenon are teaching, nursing, social work, and librarianship.
The researchers focused on four industries where workers are either split equally between men and women or are female-dominated, although the top leadership positions in all these fields are ...