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'Åland question') was one of the issues put up for arbitration by the League of Nations on its formation. Åland 's population's demand for self-determination was not met and sovereignty over the islands was retained by Finland , but international guarantees were given to allow the population to pursue its own culture, relieving the threat of ...
Åland (/ ˈ ɔː l ə n d / [9] AW-lənd, Swedish: ⓘ; Finnish: Ahvenanmaa) is an autonomous and demilitarised region of Finland.Receiving its autonomy by a 1920 decision of the League of Nations, [1] it is the smallest region of Finland by both area (1,580 km 2 or 610 sq mi) and population (30,541), constituting 0.51% of Finland's land area and 0.54% of its population.
The Germans stayed in the Åland Islands until September 1918. After the war, Sweden was still willing to take the Åland Islands and wanted to solve the dispute in the Treaty of Versailles, but the question was not included. [2] A new referendum was held in 1919 and now 9,900 of the 10,000 voters wanted to join Sweden. [6]
A referendum on European Union membership was held in Åland on 20 November 1994. [1] Although a referendum had been held in mainland Finland (in which the islands had also participated) on 16 October, the islands held a separate vote as they were a separate customs jurisdiction. [1] EU membership was approved by 74% of voters. [1]
The Åland convention of 1921 was signed on 20 October 1921 by Sweden, Finland, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Denmark, Poland, Estonia, and Latvia. See also the Åland Islands dispute . References
Politics of the Åland Islands takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic autonomous, demilitarised, and unilingually Swedish territory of Finland, whereby the Lantråd is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.
Sweden controlled the Åland Islands from the 1200s until 1809, during which Kastelholm Castle was the focal point of many battles. In 1809, the Russian empire took Åland and Finland. In 1854, British and French forces attacked Bomarsund. The Åland Islands were then demilitarised until 1906. In 1918, Swedish and German forces occupied the
Municipality Code Sub-region Population Land area Population density; Mariehamn: MH Mariehamn 11,888 11.81 km 2: 4.6 sq mi 1,007/km 2: 2,607/sq mi Jomala