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  2. Red reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_reflex

    The red reflex (also called the fundal reflex) refers to the reddish-orange reflection of light from the back of the eye, or fundus, observed when using an ophthalmoscope or retinoscope. The red reflex may be absent or poorly visible in people with dark eyes, and may even appear yellow in Asians or green/blue in Africans.

  3. Red-eye effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-eye_effect

    A demonstration of red-eye correction. The red-eye effect in photography is the common appearance of red pupils in color photographs of human eyes. It occurs when using a photographic flash at low lighting or at night. When a flash passes through the eyes and rebounds at the back of the eye, it causes a red reflex in an image, turning the subject's

  4. Childhood blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_blindness

    Newborns are screened with the red reflex test performed by shining a light into the child's eyes. If a red reflex is not produced, further workups should be done to assess for congenital cataracts or retinoblastoma. From 6-12 months, children are screened at their well-child visits with the red reflex test, assessment of eye movement, and ...

  5. Eye examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_examination

    An eye examination, commonly known as an eye test, [1] is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. [2] It also includes other tests and examinations of the eyes. [2] Eye examinations are primarily performed by an optometrist, ophthalmologist, or an orthoptist.

  6. Congenital blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_blindness

    Red reflex testing is a low-cost preventative examination that should be completed at birth before discharge. [26] According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology , neonates found with eye abnormalities should be seen by a pediatric ophthalmologist immediately.

  7. Retinoscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoscopy

    While moving the streak or spot of light through the pupil across the retina, the examiner observes the relative movement of the reflex or manually places lenses over the eye (using a phoropter or trial frame and trial lenses) to "neutralize" the reflex. [2] Static retinoscopy is a type of retinoscopy used in determining a patient's refractive ...

  8. Visual system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_system

    The visual system is the physiological basis of visual perception (the ability to detect and process light).The system detects, transduces and interprets information concerning light within the visible range to construct an image and build a mental model of the surrounding environment.

  9. Hirschberg test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirschberg_test

    It is performed by shining a light in the person's eyes and observing where the light reflects off the corneas. In a person with normal ocular alignment the light reflex lies slightly nasal from the center of the cornea (approximately 11 prism diopters—or 0.5mm from the pupillary axis), as a result of the cornea acting as a temporally-turned ...