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Structural film was an avant-garde experimental film movement prominent in the United States in the 1960s. A related movement developed in the United Kingdom in the 1970s. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Remedial Reading Comprehension forms part of the structural film movement of the 1960s and 70s, in that it considers "film itself as subject matter, its basic structures rather than its actual physical presence." [4] The film opens with a woman dreaming about an auditorium of people, who are sitting down as though about to watch a movie. [3]
Arnulf Rainer is a 1960 Austrian experimental short film by Peter Kubelka, and one of the earliest flicker films. [1] The film alternates between light or the absence of light and sound or the absence of sound. Since its May 1960 premiere in Vienna, Arnulf Rainer has become known as a fundamental work for structural film.
In his 1969 article "Structural Film", film historian P. Adams Sitney identifies a shift within avant-garde cinema away from complex forms and toward "a cinema of structure wherein the shape of the whole film is predetermined and simplified, and it is that shape which is the primal impression of the film."
Four main techniques that Sitney identified for structural film are: fixed camera position; flicker effect; re-photography off the screen; and loop printing. These techniques were implemented by experimental filmmakers in the 1960s to create cinema "in which the shape of the whole film is pre-determined and simplified". [7]
All My Life is a 1966 American experimental short film directed by Bruce Baillie. It shows a continuous shot of a fence, soundtracked by Ella Fitzgerald's 1936 debut single "All My Life". Film critic P. Adams Sitney identified it as an early example of what he termed structural film.
Paul Jeffrey Sharits (February 7, 1943, Denver, Colorado—July 8, 1993, Buffalo, New York) was a visual artist, best known for his work in experimental, or avant-garde filmmaking, particularly what became known as the structural film movement, along with other artists such as Tony Conrad, Hollis Frampton, and Michael Snow.
T,O,U,C,H,I,N,G is a 12-minute short film directed by Paul Sharits in 1968. [1] It uses many of the strategies characteristic of the structural film movement, including a static frame, flicker effects, flash frames and continual audio and visual repetition. The audio track consists exclusively of the filmmaker uttering the word "destroy" over ...