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Arithmetic is the fundamental branch of mathematics that studies numbers and their operations. In particular, it deals with numerical calculations using the arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. [1]
The Gall–Peters projection of the world map. The Gall–Peters projection is a rectangular, equal-area map projection.Like all equal-area projections, it distorts most shapes.
A medieval depiction of the Ecumene (1482, Johannes Schnitzer, engraver), constructed after the coordinates in Ptolemy's Geography and using his second map projection. In cartography, a map projection is any of a broad set of transformations employed to represent the curved two-dimensional surface of a globe on a plane.
The core idea behind random projection is given in the Johnson-Lindenstrauss lemma, [2] which states that if points in a vector space are of sufficiently high dimension, then they may be projected into a suitable lower-dimensional space in a way which approximately preserves pairwise distances between the points with high probability.
Bernays was born into a distinguished German-Jewish family of scholars and businessmen. His great-grandfather, Isaac ben Jacob Bernays, served as chief rabbi of Hamburg from 1821 to 1849.
Waterman projection centered on Atlantic, with Antarctica divided The Waterman projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation Waterman projection centered on Pacific, with Antarctica detached Waterman sphere cluster W5 Waterman polyhedron w5
Behrmann projection of the world The Behrmann cylindrical equal-area projection with Tissot's indicatrices of deformation. The Behrmann projection is a cylindrical equal-area map projection described by Walter Behrmann in 1910. [1]
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.The specific problem is: the article goes on for way too long about various technical aspects that aren't necessary for the article.