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Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical ("diagnostic" radiography and "therapeutic radiography") and industrial radiography .
Two forms of radiographic images are in use in medical imaging. Projection radiography and fluoroscopy, with the latter being useful for catheter guidance. These 2D techniques are still in wide use despite the advance of 3D tomography due to the low cost, high resolution, and depending on the application, lower radiation dosages with 2D technique.
In digital radiography the sensors shape a plate, but in the EOS system, which is a slot-scanning system, a linear sensor vertically scans the patient. [citation needed] Plain radiography was the only imaging modality available during the first 50 years of radiology.
Eddy Clifford Jerman (November 21, 1865 – September 13, 1936) was an American inventor and an early expert in the techniques of medical radiography.In the years that followed the discovery of X-rays, Jerman was one of the first people to focus on the details that created quality X-ray images, such as exposure and positioning.
The bisecting angle technique is an older method for periapical radiography. It can be a useful alternative technique when the ideal receptor placement using the paralleling technique cannot be achieved, for reasons such as anatomical obstacles e.g. tori, shallow palate, shallow floor of mouth, or narrow arch width. [13]
CT is an accurate technique for diagnosis of abdominal diseases like Crohn's disease, [66] GIT bleeding, and diagnosis and staging of cancer, as well as follow-up after cancer treatment to assess response. [67] It is commonly used to investigate acute abdominal pain. [68]
A derivative technique from projectional radiography used in dental radiography is orthopantomography. This is a panoramic imaging technique of the upper and lower jaw using focal plane tomography , where the X-ray generator and X-ray detector are simultaneously moved so as to keep a consistent exposure of only the plane of interest during ...
Instrument Uses Ultrasonography machine: uses ultrasound to produce images from within the body; video link X-ray: uses X-rays to produce images of structures within the body; video link