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The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24] Chronic alcoholism is a contributing risk factor. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B 5) deficiency: Irritability, fatigue, and apathy. [25] [26] Extremely rare. Vitamin B 6 deficiency
In the clinical diagnosis should be remembered that early symptoms are nonspecific, [37] [38] and it has been stated that WE may present nonspecific findings. [39] There is consensus to provide water-soluble vitamins and minerals after gastric operations. [63] In some countries certain foods have been supplemented with thiamine, and have ...
the 2008 observation, that non-diabetic first-degree relatives of diabetics had elevated enzyme levels associated with diabetic renal disease [60] and nephropathy. [61] the 2007 finding that non-diabetic family members of type 1 diabetics had increased risk for microvascular complications, [62] such as diabetic retinopathy [63]
Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes, with the other 10% due primarily to type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes. [1] In type 1 diabetes, there is a lower total level of insulin to control blood glucose, due to an autoimmune -induced loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas .
Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease) is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes.It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries and one of the lead causes of sight loss in the world, even though there are many new therapies and improved treatments for helping people live with diabetes.
Sometimes patients also develop gastrointestinal symptoms or bleeding. [6] RVCL is associated with progressive deterioration in visual acuity due to multifocal microvascular disease, retinal neovascularization, and/or glaucoma. Retinal microvascular disease is noninflammatory and resembles that of diabetic retinopathy.
Prediabetes, often considered the step before diabetes, is when you have higher than usual blood glucose (blood sugar) levels. Your levels aren’t high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes.
Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be determined, but not always. [14] This means it measures forms of vitamin B 12 that are "active" and can be used by the body, as well as the "inactive" forms, which cannot. [151] Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be found within normal levels, so clinical symptoms should be taken into account when a diagnosis is made. [2]