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Left to right: Crown signifying city of Sheffield, lion passant, Letter n of a style dating piece to 1905, and maker's insignia for Walker & Hall. 1680 maker's mark on base of a candlestick, for Robert Cooper, London. A silver object that is to be sold commercially is, in most countries, stamped with one or more silver hallmarks indicating the ...
Multiple marks on silver, left to right: maker's mark , lion passant (assay mark for sterling silver), London town mark, date letter (1835), duty mark . A mark is a written or imprinted symbol used to indicate some trait of an item, for example, its ownership or maker.
A set of hallmarks on an English silver spoon. From left to right, the maker's mark of George Unite, the date letter (1889), the Birmingham Assay Office mark, the lion passant and the monarch's head tax-mark. In 1355, individual maker marks were introduced in France.
Originally, only silver produced within twenty miles of Sheffield could be marked at the office. From 1784, Sheffield was empowered to keep a register of all maker's marks within one hundred miles, including those of Birmingham. Sheffield Assay Office, October 2008. In 1795, after several moves, an office was established on Fargate. In 1880 it ...
Britannia silver is an alloy of silver containing 11 ozt 10 dwt (i.e. 11½ troy oz.) silver in the pound troy, equivalent to 23 ⁄ 24, or 95.833% by weight silver, the rest usually being copper. This standard was introduced in England by Act of Parliament in 1697 to replace sterling silver (92.5% silver) as the obligatory standard for items of ...
Hall Marks on Gold and Silver Plate, illustrated, with Tables of Annual Date Letters employed in the Assay Offices of the United Kingdom; in the 8th edition of 1896 it included "Histories of the Goldsmiths' Trade, both in England and France, and revised London and Provincial Tables", and an introductory essay by C. A. Markham. [1]
The four wardens of the Goldsmiths’ Company were tasked with visiting workshops in the City of London to assay (test) silver articles. If these articles were found to be below standard they were originally forfeit to the king, but if they passed, each article received the king's mark of authentication which was the mark of a leopard's head.
The mint letters continued until 1898 (briefly revived in 1914 and from 1942 to 1958) and the mint-masters marks, supplemented by the mark of the Chief Engraver, are still used. [ 10 ] Some Medieval English coins used mint names . [ 11 ]