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In engineering, a transfer function (also known as system function [1] or network function) of a system, sub-system, or component is a mathematical function that models the system's output for each possible input. [2] [3] [4] It is widely used in electronic engineering tools like circuit simulators and control systems.
In control system theory, and various branches of engineering, a transfer function matrix, or just transfer matrix is a generalisation of the transfer functions of single-input single-output (SISO) systems to multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. [1] The matrix relates the outputs of the system to its inputs.
In it the transfer function, also known as the system function or network function, is a mathematical model of the relation between the input and output based on the differential equations describing the system.
Both analog and digital control systems use lead-lag compensators. The technology used for the implementation is different in each case, but the underlying principles are the same. The transfer function is rearranged so that the output is expressed in terms of sums of terms involving the input, and integrals of the input and output. For example,
Where the Laplace-domain transfer functions and impedances in the above expressions are defined as follows: H(s) is the transfer function with the extra element present. H ∞ (s) is the transfer function with the extra element open-circuited. H 0 (s) is the transfer function with the extra element short-circuited. Z(s) is the impedance of the ...
Classical control theory uses the Laplace transform to model the systems and signals. The Laplace transform is a frequency-domain approach for continuous time signals irrespective of whether the system is stable or unstable.
Any given transfer function which is strictly proper can easily be transferred into state-space by the following approach (this example is for a 4-dimensional, single-input, single-output system): Given a transfer function, expand it to reveal all coefficients in both the numerator and denominator.
Mechanical–electrical analogies are used to represent the function of a mechanical system as an equivalent electrical system by drawing analogies between mechanical and electrical parameters. A mechanical system by itself can be so represented, but analogies are of greatest use in electromechanical systems where there is a connection between ...