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In ancient Egypt, Upper Egypt was known as tꜣ šmꜣw, [3] literally "the Land of Reeds" or "the Sedgeland", named for the sedges that grow there. [4]In Arabic, the region is called Sa'id or Sahid, from صعيد meaning "uplands", from the root صعد meaning to go up, ascend, or rise.
In Egyptian history, the Upper and Lower Egypt period (also known as The Two Lands) was the final stage of prehistoric Egypt and directly preceded the unification of the realm. The conception of Egypt as the Two Lands was an example of the dualism in ancient Egyptian culture and frequently appeared in texts and imagery, including in the titles ...
Mizraim is the Hebrew cognate of a common Semitic source word for the land now known as Egypt. It is similar to Miṣr in modern Arabic, Misri in the 14th century B.C. Akkadian Amarna tablets, [2] Mṣrm in Ugaritic, [3] Mizraim in Neo-Babylonian texts, [4] and Mu-ṣur in neo-Assyrian Akkadian (as seen on the Rassam cylinder). [5]
Upper Egypt nomes Middle Egypt nomes. Upper Egypt was divided into 22 nomes. The first of these was centered on Elephantine close to Egypt's border with Nubia at the First Cataract – the area of modern-day Aswan. From there the numbering progressed downriver in an orderly fashion along the narrow fertile strip of land that was the Nile valley.
After the collapse of the Old Kingdom, Egypt entered a period of weak pharaonic power and decentralization called the First Intermediate Period. [3] Towards the end of this period, two rival dynasties, known in Egyptology as the Tenth and Eleventh, fought for control of the entire country.
A second wave of Asiatics called Hyksos (from Heqa-khasut, "rulers of foreign lands" as Egyptians called their leaders) immigrated into Egypt and overran the Canaanite center of power at Avaris, starting the 15th Dynasty there. The Hyksos kings gained the upper hand over Lower Egypt early into the Second Intermediate Period (1657–1549 BC). [21]
By 3300 BC, just before the first Egyptian dynasty, Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, known as Upper Egypt to the south, and Lower Egypt to the north. [ 63 ] Egyptian civilization begins during the second phase of the Naqada culture, known as the Gerzeh period , around 3500 BC and coalesces with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt ...
Luxor [a] is a city in Upper Egypt, which includes the site of the Ancient Egyptian city of Thebes. Luxor had a population of 263,109 in 2020, [2] with an area of approximately 417 km 2 (161 sq mi) [1] and is the capital of the Luxor Governorate. It is among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.