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The Tanks of World War I: The History and Legacy of Tank Warfare during the Great War (2017) [ISBN missing] Foley, Michael. Rise of the Tank: Armoured Vehicles and their use in the First World War (2014) [ISBN missing] Townsend, Reginald T. (December 1916). " 'Tanks' And 'The Hose Of Death' ". The World's Work: A History of Our Time: 195– 207
They were developed to break through barbed wire and destroy enemy machine gun posts. The British and the French were the major users of tanks during the war; tanks were a lower priority for Germany as it assumed a defensive strategy. The few tanks that Germany built were outnumbered by the number of French and British tanks captured and reused.
Two fully functional replica Mark IV tanks were built in England in the early 21st century for demonstration purposes. For a documentary Guy Martin's WWI Tank a female Mark IV replica 'Deborah II' was built at the Norfolk Tank Museum in 2017 to mark the anniversary of the Battle of Cambrai. [53]
Leonardo da Vinci sketch of his armored fighting vehicle. Leonardo da Vinci is often credited with the invention of a war machine that resembled a tank. [6] In the 15th century, a Hussite called Jan Žižka won several battles using armoured wagons containing cannons that could be fired through holes in their sides, but his invention was not used after his lifetime until the 20th century. [7]
A British heavy tank during World War I. Modern armored warfare began during the First World War of 1914–1918. Strategists wanted to break the tactical, operational and strategic stalemates forced on commanders on the Western Front by the effectiveness of entrenched defensive infantry armed with machine guns – known as trench warfare.
In the aftermath of the German spring offensive on the Western Front, the first tank-to-tank battle was between Mk IV tanks and German A7Vs in the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux in April 1918. [nb 2] About 40 captured Mark IVs were employed by the Germans as Beutepanzerwagen (the German word Beute means "loot" or "booty") with a crew of 12 ...
The Sturmpanzerwagen A7V was a heavy tank introduced by Germany in 1918 during World War I.One hundred chassis were ordered in early 1917, ten to be finished as fighting vehicles with armoured bodies, and the remainder as Überlandwagen cargo carriers. [2]
Design was complicated by a demand that the vehicle could be fitted with sponsons, converting it into a more modern battle tank than the Mark V tank, in case the Mark VIII tank design proved a failure and the type was still designated as a tank, a 'Mark IX' to succeed the Mark VIII but that requirement was soon dropped due to its complexity. [2]