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For the English law on the use of force in crime prevention, see Self-defence in English law.The Australian position on the use of troops for civil policing is set out by Michael Head in Calling Out the Troops: Disturbing Trends and Unanswered Questions; [4] compare "Use of Deadly Force by the South African Police Services Re-visited" [5] by Malebo Keebine-Sibanda and Omphemetse Sibanda.
Alpert and Dunham (1999) [19] show that police use of force is reactionary, initiated by suspect resisting arrest. Force is more likely to be employed if suspect is disrespectful, intoxicated, and/or wielding a weapon. Research has also found that special division officers are more likely to use deadly force on suspects. [20] Studies examining ...
Under U.S. law the fleeing felon rule was limited in 1985 to non-lethal force in most cases by Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1.The justices held that deadly force "may not be used unless necessary to prevent the escape and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious bodily harm to the officer or others."
In another run-in, officers handcuff a looting suspect on the ground, ... Reforming police use-of-force training was a major issue in 2014 and 2015, following the deaths of several black men at ...
The Mississippi Capitol Police, which shot four people in Jackson last year, has issued new guidelines for when officers can use force against the public. Mississippi Capitol Police changes rules ...
Garner, the court found officers could only use deadly force against a fleeing suspect only if the officer has a good-faith belief the suspect poses threat of death or serious injury to the ...
Another, from Washington State University, found police officers were three times more likely to shoot unarmed white simulated suspects as to shoot black ones. The latter study hypothesized that concern with being perceived as racially biased decreased officers willingness to use deadly force against black suspects. [67]
Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985), is a civil case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that, under the Fourth Amendment, when a law enforcement officer is pursuing a fleeing suspect, the officer may not use deadly force to prevent escape unless "the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the ...