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The problem is named after Flavius Josephus, a Jewish historian and leader who lived in the 1st century. According to Josephus's firsthand account of the siege of Yodfat, he and his 40 soldiers were trapped in a cave by Roman soldiers. They chose suicide over capture, and settled on a serial method of committing suicide by drawing lots.
NC = P problem The P vs NP problem is a major unsolved question in computer science that asks whether every problem whose solution can be quickly verified by a computer (NP) can also be quickly solved by a computer (P). This question has profound implications for fields such as cryptography, algorithm design, and computational theory.
The problem for graphs is NP-complete if the edge lengths are assumed integers. The problem for points on the plane is NP-complete with the discretized Euclidean metric and rectilinear metric. The problem is known to be NP-hard with the (non-discretized) Euclidean metric. [3]: ND22, ND23
Goldbach’s Conjecture. One of the greatest unsolved mysteries in math is also very easy to write. Goldbach’s Conjecture is, “Every even number (greater than two) is the sum of two primes ...
Then it gives a proof that uses a different specific example ("we explicitly solve the problem when every second person will be killed"). But in no case does it actually give the answer. I believe the answer for the Josephus example of 41 participants and a step of three is that position 31 is the survivor and position 16 is the next-to-last.
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Josephus problem table: Image title: Claude Gaspar Bachet de Méziriac's interpretation of the Josephus problem with 41 soldiers and a step size of 3, visualised by CMG Lee. Time progresses inwards along the spiral, green dots denoting live soldiers, grey dead soldiers, and crosses killings.
Their enterprise-side product, HackerRank for Work, is a subscription service that aims to help companies source, screen (CodePair), and hire engineers and other technical employees. [12] The product is intended to allow technical recruiters to use programming challenges to test candidates on their specific programming skills and better ...