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Smith and Wujastyk further delineate that global ayurveda includes those primarily interested in the ayurveda pharmacopeia, and also the practitioners of New Age ayurveda (which may link ayurveda to yoga and Indian spirituality and/or emphasize preventative practice, mind body medicine, or Maharishi ayurveda). [26]
[39] [40] Maharishi Ayurveda Products International (MAPI) of Colorado Springs sells more than 400 products and in 2000, was said to be the largest ayurvedic company in North America, [40] with reported sales of $20 million in 1999. [41] Some ayurvedic herbal formulas are called rasayanas that use whole plants in various combinations. [42]
In early ayurvedic medicine, rasāyana (Pali and Sanskrit: रसायन, "path of essence") is one of the eight areas of medicine in Sanskrit literature. [1] [2]The 11th-century Persian scholar Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī noted an Indian science named Rasāyana, focused on restoring health and rejuvenation through plant-derived medicines.
Tibetan medicine and medical practices outside of Tibet are seen widely in the Himalayan region. In India , the Council of Tibetan Medicine provides formal recognition to Tibetan medical colleges, while the Tibetan Medical and Astrological Institute and its Men-Tsee-Khang operate under the auspices of the Office of the Dalai Lama.
Herbal medicine in India is largely guided by folk medicine, both in codified cultural practices shared widely (Ayurveda, [5] Siddha, Unani), and highly localized practices unique to individual tribes or tribal groups . Between 3,000 [6] and 5,000 [7] species of medicinal plants grow in India with roughly 1,000 threatened with extinction. [7]
Traditional Chinese medicine: Traditional practices and beliefs from China, together with modifications made by the Communist party make up TCM. Common practices include herbal medicine, acupuncture (insertion of needles in the body at specified points), massage (Tui na), exercise , and dietary therapy.