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Even though hammerhead sharks are a large species, they are generally not a threat to divers. As of 2025, there have only been 18 attacks ever reported, and none were fatal.
A hammerhead shark in shallow water. According to the International Shark Attack File, humans have been subjects of 17 documented, unprovoked attacks by hammerhead sharks within the genus Sphyrna since AD 1580. No human fatalities have been recorded. [35] Most hammerhead shark species are too small to inflict serious damage to humans. [9]
In a video shared by a boater, swimmers leap out of the water as sharks approach. Hammerhead sharks suddenly surround boaters in Alabama. Watch the scene unfold
Shark migration patterns may be even more complex than in birds, with many sharks covering entire ocean basins. Sharks can be highly social, remaining in large schools. Sometimes more than 100 scalloped hammerheads congregate around seamounts and islands, e.g., in the Gulf of California. [42] Cross-species social hierarchies exist.
The video shows the large shadow of a 12-foot hammerhead shark swimming underwater near the boat. Seconds into the video, Rufus jumps into the water off of a nearby dock and swims toward the shark.
The great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran) is the largest species of hammerhead shark, belonging to the family Sphyrnidae, attaining an average length of 4.6 m (15 ft) and reaching a maximum length of 6.2 m (20 ft).
A July article about two Panama City Beach swimmers circled by a hammerhead shark was among the most viewed News Herald stories of 2021.
Sphyrna alleni, the shovelbill shark, is a species of hammerhead shark found along the West Atlantic coast from Belize to Brazil. Its pointed cephalofoil distinguishes it from the more northern bonnethead shark (Sphyrna tiburo), from which it was split in 2024. The species is also diagnosed by different tooth and precaudal vertebrae counts.