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Dodecyl alcohol is sulfated using sulfur trioxide. The reaction proceeds by initial formation of the pyrosulfate: 2 SO 3 + ROH → ROSO 2 −O−SO 3 H ROSO 2 −O−SO 3 H → ROSO 3 H + SO 3. Several million tons are produced annually. [2] SDS can also be synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with chlorosulfuric acid. [24]
Hemiacetals form in the reaction between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones. Using an acid catalyst, the reaction proceeds via nucleophilic attack of the carbonyl group by the alcohol. [4] A subsequent nucleophilic attack of the hemiacetal by the alcohol results in an acetal. [2] Solutions of simple aldehydes in alcohols mainly consist of the ...
This solution is used to detect ketones and aldehydes. A positive test is signalled by the formation of a yellow, orange or red precipitate of the dinitrophenylhydrazone. Aromatic carbonyls give red precipitates whereas aliphatic carbonyls give more yellow color. [2] The reaction between DNPH and a generic ketone to form a hydrazone is shown below:
Lucas test: negative (left) with ethanol and positive with t-butanol "Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight. The reaction is a substitution in which the chloride replaces a hydroxyl group.
para-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde is an organic compound containing amine and aldehyde moieties which is used in Ehrlich's reagent and Kovac's reagent to test for indoles. The carbonyl group typically reacts with the electron rich 2-position of the indole but may also react at the C-3 or N-1 positions. [2] It may also be used for determination of ...
Typically, n lies between 10 and 16, although generally supplied as a tighter cut, such as C 12-C 15, C 12-C 13 and C 10-C 13, for detergent use. [1] The C n H 2n+1 chain is unbranched. They are mainly produced as intermediate in the production of surfactants, for use in detergent. Since the 1960s, LABs have emerged as the dominant precursor of ...
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. The overall reaction equation is as follows (where the Rs can be H)
Separate storage of the aldehyde and base are necessary to prevent aldol polymerisation of the aldehyde. When exposed to an amine, reaction with acetaldehyde produces the enamine, which subsequently reacts with sodium nitroprusside to the imine. Finally, the iminium salt is hydrolysed to the bright blue [1] Simon-Awe complex. [3] [5]