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Varicella vaccine, also known as chickenpox vaccine, is a vaccine that protects against chickenpox. [9] One dose of vaccine prevents 95% of moderate disease and 100% of severe disease. [ 10 ] Two doses of vaccine are more effective than one. [ 10 ]
Chickenpox, also known as varicella (/ ˌ v ɛ r ə ˈ s ɛ l ə / VER-ə-SEL-ə), is a highly contagious disease caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family. [ 3 ] [ 7 ] [ 5 ] The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters , which eventually scab over. [ 1 ]
[87] [88] The only human vaccines available for herpesviruses are for Varicella zoster virus, given to children around their first birthday to prevent chickenpox (varicella), or to adults to prevent an outbreak of shingles (herpes zoster). There is, however, no human vaccine for herpes simplex viruses.
Varicella zoster virus is not the same as herpes simplex virus, although they both belong to the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses. [14] Shingles vaccines reduce the risk of shingles by 50 to 90%, depending on the vaccine used. [1] [15] Vaccination also decreases rates of postherpetic neuralgia, and, if shingles occurs, its severity. [1]
The varicella zoster virus was first isolated by Evelyn Nicol while she was working at Cleveland City Hospital. [32] Thomas Huckle Weller also isolated the virus and found evidence that the same virus was responsible for both chickenpox and herpes zoster. [33] The etymology of the name of the virus comes from the two diseases it causes ...
Varicella zoster virus is a human herpes virus that causes chickenpox, shingles, Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2, and postherpetic neuralgia. Unlike a Zoster vaccine which provides durable immunity, the protection is passive and short term; it may need to be readministered every 2-4 weeks as necessary. This medication is not recommended for ...
A zoster vaccine is a vaccine that reduces the incidence of herpes zoster (shingles), a disease caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, which is also responsible for chickenpox. [8] Shingles provokes a painful rash with blisters, and can be followed by chronic pain (postherpetic neuralgia), as well as other complications.
1984 – First vaccine for chicken pox; 1985 – First vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae type b (HiB) 1989 – First vaccine for Q fever [13] 1990 – First vaccine for hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; 1991 – First vaccine for hepatitis A [14] 1998 – First vaccine for Lyme disease; 1998 – First vaccine for rotavirus [15]