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A myotome is the group of muscles that a single spinal nerve innervates. [1] Similarly a dermatome is an area of skin that a single nerve innervates with sensory fibers. Myotomes are separated by myosepta (singular: myoseptum). [2] In vertebrate embryonic development, a myotome is the part of a somite that develops into muscle.
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is divided into the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the enteric nervous system.However, it is the somatic nervous system, responsible for body movement and the reception of external stimuli, which allows one to understand how cutaneous innervation is made possible by the action of specific sensory fibers located on the skin, as well ...
The dermatome is the dorsal portion of the paraxial mesoderm somite which gives rise to the skin . In the human embryo, it arises in the third week of embryogenesis. [2] It is formed when a dermomyotome (the remaining part of the somite left when the sclerotome migrates), splits to form the dermatome and the myotome. [2]
Following is a list of spinal nerves and points that are characteristically belonging to the dermatome of each nerve: [4] Dermatomes of the lower limb (modified, from Fender, after Foerster) C2 – At least one cm lateral to the occipital protuberance at the base of the skull. Alternately, a point at least 3 cm (1.2 in) behind the ear.
The second-order neurons ascend to the brain stem and thalamus in the ventrolateral, or anterolateral, quadrant of the contralateral half of the spinal cord, forming the spinothalamic tract. [1] The spinothalamic tract is the main pathway associated with pain and temperature perception, which immediately crosses the spinal cord laterally. [1]
The C2 dermatome covers specific regions of the skin that receive sensory input from the C2 nerve. These areas encompass the upper and posterior parts of the scalp, the skin on the front of the neck, and the earlobes. The C2 myotome represents a collection of muscles under the control of the C2 nerve.
The C8 nerve receives sensory afferents from the C8 dermatome. This consists of all the skin on the little finger, and continuing up slightly past the wrist on the palmar and dorsal aspects of the hand and forearm. [3] Clinically, a test of the pad of the little finger is often used to assess C8 integrity. [4]
Diagnosis of pain conditions relies on the character of the pain with a sharp stabbing character and the presence of particular features such as mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia. Neuropathic pain also tends to affect defined dermatomes and there may be limits to the area of pain. For neuropathic pain, clinicians look for an underlying ...