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New World monkeys (except for the howler monkeys of genus Alouatta) [21] also typically lack the trichromatic vision of Old World monkeys. [22] Colour vision in New World primates relies on a single gene on the X-chromosome to produce pigments that absorb medium and long wavelength light, which contrasts with short wavelength light.
The Nicaraguan spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi geoffroyi) is a subspecies of Geoffroy's spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central America. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] It is native to Nicaragua and parts of Costa Rica closest to Nicaragua plus the Guanacaste peninsula.
Geoffroy's spider monkey is one of the largest New World monkeys. Its length measures between 30 and 63 cm (12 and 25 in) and it weighs between 6 and 9 kg (13 and 20 lb). [3] [13] The tail is longer than the body at between 63 and 85 cm (25 and 33 + 1 ⁄ 2 in). [3] [13] Males and females are approximately the same size. [14]
The mantled howler belongs to the New World monkey family Atelidae, the family that contains the howler monkeys, spider monkeys, woolly monkeys and muriquis.It is a member of the subfamily Alouattinae and genus Alouatta, the subfamily and genus containing all the howler monkeys.
The black howler (Alouatta caraya) or black-and-gold howler, [2] is among the largest New World monkeys and a member of the Alouatta genus. [3] [4] The black howler is distributed in areas of South America such as Paraguay, southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, northern Argentina, and Uruguay.
Uakari (UK: / w ə ˈ k ɑːr i /, [2] US: / w ɑː-/) [3] is the common name for the New World monkeys of the genus Cacajao.Both the English and scientific names are believed to have originated from indigenous languages.
The capuchin monkeys (/ ˈ k æ p j ʊ (t) ʃ ɪ n /) are New World monkeys of the subfamily Cebinae. They are readily identified as the "organ grinder" monkey, and have been used in many movies and television shows. The range of capuchin monkeys includes some tropical forests in Central America and South America as far south as northern Argentina.
In addition, two species of white-faced capuchin monkey have been generally recognized since the 2010s although some primatologists consider these to be a single species. [3] Taxonomically, all Central American monkey species are classified as New World monkeys, and they belong to four families.