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All grid-connected wind turbines, from the first one in 1939 until the development of variable-speed grid-connected wind turbines in the 1970s, were fixed-speed wind turbines. As of 2003, nearly all grid-connected wind turbines operate at an exactly constant speed (synchronous generators) or within a few percents of constant speed (induction ...
A variable speed wind turbine utilizes the available wind resource more efficiently than a fixed speed wind turbine, especially during light wind conditions. Third, the cost of the converter is low when compared with other variable speed solutions because only a fraction of the mechanical power, typically 25–30%, is fed to the grid through ...
An example of a wind turbine, this 3 bladed turbine is the classic design of modern wind turbines Wind turbine components : 1-Foundation, 2-Connection to the electric grid, 3-Tower, 4-Access ladder, 5-Wind orientation control (Yaw control), 6-Nacelle, 7-Generator, 8-Anemometer, 9-Electric or Mechanical Brake, 10-Gearbox, 11-Rotor blade, 12-Blade pitch control, 13-Rotor hub
Global map of wind speed at 100 meters on land and around coasts. [12] Distribution of wind speed (red) and energy (blue) for all of 2002 at the Lee Ranch facility in Colorado. The histogram shows measured data, while the curve is the Rayleigh model distribution for the same average wind speed. Global map of wind power density potential [13]
The generator, which is approximately 34% of the wind turbine cost, includes the electrical generator, [64] [65] the control electronics, and most likely a gearbox (e.g., planetary gear box), [66] adjustable-speed drive, or continuously variable transmission [67] component for converting the low-speed incoming rotation to high-speed rotation ...
Furthermore, variable-speed wind turbines require power electronics, which increases the complexity of the turbine and introduces new sources of failures. On the other hand, it has been suggested that additional energy capture achieved by comparing a variable-speed wind turbine to a fixed speed wind turbine is approximately 2%. [2]