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The Septuagint (/ ˈ s ɛ p tj u ə dʒ ɪ n t / SEP-tew-ə-jint), [1] sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (Koinē Greek: Ἡ μετάφρασις τῶν Ἑβδομήκοντα, romanized: Hē metáphrasis tôn Hebdomḗkonta), and abbreviated as LXX, [2] is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original Biblical Hebrew.
The earliest surviving manuscripts of the Septuagint (abbreviated as LXX meaning 70), an ancient (first centuries BCE) translation of the ancient Hebrew Torah into Koine Greek, include three 2nd century BCE fragments from the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy (Rahlfs nos. 801, 819, and 957) and five 1st century BCE fragments of Genesis, Exodus ...
The oldest text of the entire Christian Bible, including the New Testament, is the Codex Sinaiticus dating from the 4th century CE, with its Old Testament a copy of a Greek translation known as the Septuagint. The oldest extant manuscripts of the vocalized Masoretic Text date to the 9th century CE. [1]
This papyrus, found in Egypt, is dated to the first century BC and is the second oldest known manuscript of the Septuagint (Greek version of the Hebrew Bible). It is the oldest manuscript that, in the midst of the Greek text, uses the Hebrew Tetragrammaton in Aramaic "square" or Ashuri script, יהוה over 30 times. [10]
Papyrus Rylands 458 (TM 62298; LDAB 3459) is a manuscript of the Pentateuch (first five books of the Bible) in the Greek Septuagint version of the Hebrew Bible. It is a roll made from papyrus , which has survived in a very fragmentary condition.
These verses are found in other Qumran Isaiah scrolls, the Masoretic Text, and the Septuagint. [11] In chapter 40, a shorter version of verse 7 is found, matching the Septuagint. In the same verse there is also an insertion by a later scribe showing a longer version that is consistent with the Masoretic Text. [3]
P. Köln Theol. 37v (Susanna 62a-62b)Papyrus 967 (also signed as TM 61933, LDAB 3090) is a 3rd-century CE [1] biblical manuscript, discovered in 1931. It is notable for containing fragments of the original Septuagint text of the Book of Daniel, which was completely superseded by a revised text by the end of the 4th century and elsewhere survives only in Syriac translation and in Codex ...
The manuscript 4Q120 (also pap4QLXXLev b; AT22; VH 46; Rahlfs 802; LDAB 3452) is a Septuagint manuscript (LXX) of the biblical Book of Leviticus written on papyrus, found at Qumran.