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As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars.
Californium is a silvery-white actinide metal [12] with a melting point of 900 ± 30 °C (1,650 ± 50 °F) and an estimated boiling point of 1,743 K (1,470 °C; 2,680 °F). [13] The pure metal is malleable and is easily cut with a knife. Californium metal starts to vaporize above 300 °C (570 °F) when exposed to a vacuum. [14]
18. Platinum. Cost: $33.02 per gram Platinum is a beautiful precious metal that is in a similar category as gold and silver. All three of these metals are frequently traded in the global markets ...
The intergrowth of californium in berkelium occurs at a rate of 0.22% per day and is an intrinsic obstacle in studying berkelium properties. Beside a chemical contamination, 249 Cf, being an alpha emitter, brings undesirable self-damage of the crystal lattice and the resulting self-heating.
The only californium ion that is stable in aqueous solutions is the californium(III) cation. [2] The other two oxidation states are IV (strong oxidizing agents) and II (strong reducing agents). [3] The element forms a water-soluble chloride, nitrate, perchlorate, and sulfate and is precipitated as a fluoride, oxalate or hydroxide. [4]
Its density of 8.84 g/cm 3 is lower than that of californium (15.1 g/cm 3) and is nearly the same as that of holmium (8.79 g/cm 3), despite einsteinium being much heavier per atom than holmium. Einsteinium's melting point (860 °C) is also relatively low – below californium (900 °C), fermium (1527 °C) and holmium (1461 °C).