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Teloschistes chrysophthalmus, sometimes referred to as the gold-eye lichen or golden-eye, is a fruticose lichen with branching lobes. Their sexual structures, apothecia , are bright-orange with spiny projections ( cilia ) situated around the rim.
The lichen's reproductive structures, or ascomata, are usually brightly coloured, and typically in the form of an apothecium – a wide, open, saucer-shaped or cup-shaped fruit body. In most species, these apotheciate ascomata have a lecanorine form, in which the apothecial disc is surrounded by a pale rim of tissue known as a thalline margin .
Lepraria finkii is a type of lichen in the genus Lepraria. [1] Its colours range from a greenish-gray to a bluish-green. The organism is generally found everywhere in the world, but more commonly found in tropical areas; it can be spotted in shaded areas on tree trunks, overtaking bryophytes, in soil banks, and in dry niches.
A lichen can be described as all of the following: Life form – an entity that is alive.; Composite organism – a symbiotic life form composed of multiple partners from different biological domains, families and kingdoms, and from different phyla, classes and divisions within those domains and kingdoms.
The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes.With over 2700 species [2] in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi.The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: Xanthoparmelia (822 species), Usnea (355 species), Parmotrema (255 species), and Hypotrachyna (262 species).
It has wide distribution, and many common names such as common orange lichen, yellow scale, [2] maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen. It can be found near the shore on rocks or walls (hence the epithet parietina meaning "on walls"), [ 3 ] and also on inland rocks, walls, or tree bark. [ 4 ]
It was in 1869 that Simon Schwendener demonstrated that all lichens were the result of fungal attack on the cells of algal cells and that all these algae also exist free in nature. This researcher was the first to recognise the dual nature of lichens as a result of the capture of the algal component by the fungal component. [ 19 ]
Vulpicida canadensis, the brown-eyed sunshine lichen, [2] is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. [3] It is endemic to northwestern North America where it grows as an epiphyte on the bark and wood of conifer trees.