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In software engineering, coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules, a measure of how closely connected two routines or modules are, [1] and the strength of the relationships between modules. [2] Coupling is not binary but multi-dimensional. [3] Coupling and cohesion. Coupling is usually contrasted with cohesion.
High cohesion is an evaluative pattern that attempts to keep objects appropriately focused, manageable and understandable. High cohesion is generally used in support of low coupling. High cohesion means that the responsibilities of a given set of elements are strongly related and highly focused on a rather specific topic.
Cohesion is often contrasted with coupling. High cohesion often correlates with loose coupling, and vice versa. [2] The software metrics of coupling and cohesion were invented by Larry Constantine in the late 1960s as part of Structured Design, based on characteristics of “good” programming practices that reduced maintenance and ...
The mechanisms for modular or object-oriented programming that are provided by a programming language are mechanisms that allow developers to provide SoC. [4] For example, object-oriented programming languages such as C#, C++, Delphi, and Java can separate concerns into objects, and architectural design patterns like MVC or MVP can separate presentation and the data-processing (model) from ...
Loose coupling between program components can be enhanced by using standard data types in parameters. Passing customized data types or objects requires both components to have knowledge of the custom data definition. Loose coupling of services can be enhanced by reducing the information passed into a service to the key data.
Database theory encapsulates a broad range of topics related to the study and research of the theoretical realm of databases and database management systems.. Theoretical aspects of data management include, among other areas, the foundations of query languages, computational complexity and expressive power of queries, finite model theory, database design theory, dependency theory, foundations ...
The ANSI-SPARC three-level architecture. The ANSI-SPARC Architecture (American National Standards Institute, Standards Planning And Requirements Committee), is an abstract design standard for a database management system (DBMS), first proposed in 1975. [1] The ANSI-SPARC model however, never became a formal standard.
For example, Base One describes a database-centric distributed computing architecture for grid and cluster computing, and explains how this design provides enhanced security, fault-tolerance, and scalability. [4] an overall enterprise architecture that favors shared data models [5] over allowing each application to have its own, idiosyncratic ...