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Aflatoxin B 1 is an aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus.It is a very potent carcinogen with a TD 50 3.2 μg/kg/day in rats. [4] This carcinogenic potency varies across species with some, such as rats and monkeys, seemingly much more susceptible than others.
Aflatoxin M 2, metabolite of aflatoxin B 2 in milk of cattle fed on contaminated foods [20] Aflatoxicol (AFL): metabolite produced by breaking down the lactone ring; Aflatoxin Q 1 (AFQ 1), major metabolite of AFB 1 in in vitro liver preparations of other higher vertebrates [21] AFM, AFQ, and AFL retain the possibility to become an epoxide.
Aflatoxin B 1 exo-8,9-epoxide is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B 1.It's formed by the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. [1]In the liver, aflatoxin B 1 is metabolized to aflatoxin B 1 exo-8,9-epoxide by the cytochrome P450 enzymes.
The synthesis of racemic aflatoxin B1 has been reported by Buechi et al. in 1967 [3] and that of racemic aflatoxin B2 by Roberts et al. in 1968 [4] The group of Barry Trost of Stanford University is responsible for the enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-Aflatoxin B 1 and B 2a in 2003. [5]
A. parasiticus produces aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, named for the colours emitted under UV light on thin-layer chromatography plates—either blue and green. The numbers refer to the type of compound with 1 being major and 2 being minor. [3] These aflatoxins are carcinogenic mycotoxins which have detrimental effects to humans and livestock. [4]
It’s illegal to sell or buy, but casu marzu, a maggot-infested sheep milk cheese is a revered delicacy on the Italian island of Sardinia. Locals hope their unusual dairy product can shed its ...
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