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Autoinjectors were originally developed for the rapid administration of nerve gas antidotes in kits like the Mark I NAAK. The first modern epinephrine autoinjector, the EpiPen, was invented in the mid-1970s at Survival Technology in Bethesda, Maryland, US by Sheldon Kaplan [11] [12] and was first approved for marketing by the FDA in 1987. [13]
Mechanical ventilation is a method to mechanically assist or replace spontaneous breathing. [8] This involves the use of ventilator assisted by a registered nurse, physician, physician assistant, respiratory therapist, paramedic, or other suitable person compressing a bag valve mask.
A military autoinjector in use. An autoinjector (or auto-injector) is a medical device for injection of a premeasured dose of a particular drug.Most autoinjectors are one-use, disposable, spring-loaded syringes (prefilled syringes).
All About The Needle-Free EpiPen, Neffy Mariya Borisova - Getty Images For years, people with severe allergies have been prescribed an epinephrine autoinjector in case of emergency situations.
Epinephrine vial 1 mg (Adrenalin). Epinephrine is used to treat a number of conditions, including cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, and superficial bleeding. [25] It has been used historically for bronchospasm and low blood sugar, but newer treatments for these that are selective for β 2 adrenoceptors, such as salbutamol, are preferred.
Intracardiac injections of drugs were generally used only to provide emergency drugs to a patient if other approaches would be ineffective; for example if drugs could not be administered intravenously due to individual circumstances.
Failure to use the pen as instructed may result in medication leakage and administration of a lower dose than was intended. [23] Another administration problem which may impact effectiveness of an injector pen is lipohypertrophy of the subcutaneous tissue near the injection site. For this reason, it is recommended to rotate the injection site ...
Administration of intravenous fluid bolus and epinephrine is the treatment of choice with antihistamines used as adjuncts. [46] A period of in-hospital observation for between 2 and 24 hours is recommended for people once they have returned to normal due to concerns of biphasic anaphylaxis.