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Autoinjectors were originally developed for the rapid administration of nerve gas antidotes in kits like the Mark I NAAK. The first modern epinephrine autoinjector, the EpiPen, was invented in the mid-1970s at Survival Technology in Bethesda, Maryland, US by Sheldon Kaplan [11] [12] and was first approved for marketing by the FDA in 1987. [13]
The Mark I NAAK (left) and its training kit (right) In the United States military, the Mark I NAAK, or MARK I Kit, ("Nerve Agent Antidote Kit") is a dual-chamber autoinjector: Two anti-nerve agent drugs—atropine sulfate and pralidoxime chloride—each in injectable form, constitute the kit.
The Four Thieves Vinegar Collective is an anarchist biohacking group founded in 2015 by Michael Laufer.They have published instructions for the "EpiPencil", an epinephrine autoinjector, and the "Apothecary MicroLab", a do-it-yourself (DIY) device intended to make a variety of medications, most notably pyrimethamine (Daraprim).
All About The Needle-Free EpiPen, Neffy Mariya Borisova - Getty Images For years, people with severe allergies have been prescribed an epinephrine autoinjector in case of emergency situations.
A military autoinjector in use. An autoinjector (or auto-injector) is a medical device for injection of a premeasured dose of a particular drug.Most autoinjectors are one-use, disposable, spring-loaded syringes (prefilled syringes).
Failure to use the pen as instructed may result in medication leakage and administration of a lower dose than was intended. [23] Another administration problem which may impact effectiveness of an injector pen is lipohypertrophy of the subcutaneous tissue near the injection site. For this reason, it is recommended to rotate the injection site ...
Download as PDF; Printable version ... and corruption within the Food and Drug Administration's generic drugs division and ... rights to market the EpiPen in the ...
Intracardiac injections of drugs were generally used only to provide emergency drugs to a patient if other approaches would be ineffective; for example if drugs could not be administered intravenously due to individual circumstances.