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SAP R/2 is an older version of real-time enterprise resource planning (ERP) software produced by the German company SAP AG, that was replaced by SAP R/3. SAP R/2 was launched in 1979 and followed the company's first product, a materials management module called RM/1, which was launched in 1975 and became part of R/1.
SAP R/3 is the former name of the enterprise resource planning software produced by the German corporation SAP AG (now SAP SE).It is an enterprise-wide information system designed to coordinate all the resources, information, and activities needed to complete business processes such as order fulfillment, billing, human resource management, and production planning.
On March 4, 2016, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision finally updated its proposal for calculating operational risk capital, introducing the Standardized Measurement Approach (“SMA”). Building upon its 2014 version, the SMA would not only replace the existing standardized approaches, but also the Advanced Measurement Approach.
Advanced measurement approach (AMA) is one of three possible operational risk methods that can be used under Basel II by a bank or other financial institution.The other two are the Basic Indicator Approach and the Standardised Approach.
An ERP was built based on the former SAP R/3 software. SAP R/3, which was officially launched on 6 July 1992, consisted of various applications on top of SAP Basis, SAP's set of middleware programs and tools. All applications were built on top of the SAP Web Application Server. Extension sets were used to deliver new features and keep the core ...
Tier 1 capital is the core measure of a bank's financial strength from a regulator's point of view. [ note 1 ] It is composed of core capital , [ 1 ] which consists primarily of common stock and disclosed reserves (or retained earnings ), [ 2 ] but may also include non-redeemable non-cumulative preferred stock .
Data for February was revised lower to show these so-called core capital goods orders advancing 0.4% instead of 0.7% as previously reported. March's increase was in line with economists' expectations.
Based on the original Basel Accord, banks using the basic indicator approach must hold capital for operational risk equal to the average over the previous three years of a fixed percentage of positive annual gross income.