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"Yeshua" ישוע , a Hebrew name written with the letters yod-shin-vav-`ayin of the Hebrew alphabet.. Yeshua (Hebrew: יֵשׁוּעַ, romanized: Yēšūaʿ ) was a common alternative form of the name Yehoshua (יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, Yəhōšūaʿ, 'Joshua') in later books of the Hebrew Bible and among Jewish people of the Second Temple period.
The name Jesus (Yeshua) appears to have been in use in the Land of Israel at the time of the birth of Jesus. [2] [19] Moreover, Philo's reference in Mutatione Nominum item 121 to Joshua (Ἰησοῦς) meaning salvation (σωτηρία) of the Lord indicates that the etymology of Joshua was known outside Israel. [20]
The name Joshua is of the same origin as the name Jesus, and Joshua the High Priest is interpreted by Christians to be a foreshadowing of Jesus: "Together [with Zerubabbel], they are types of Him, the true King and true priest, Christ Jesus, who by the resurrection raised again the true temple, His Body, after it had been destroyed."
Joshua is a given name derived from the Hebrew יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Modern: Yəhōšūaʿ, Tiberian: Yŏhōšūaʿ), [5] prominently belonging to Joshua, an early Hebrew leader of the Exodus period who has a major role in several books of the Bible.
Joshua (/ ˈ dʒ ɒ ʃ u ə /), also known as Yehoshua (Hebrew: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Yəhōšuaʿ, Tiberian: Yŏhōšuaʿ, lit. 'Yahweh is salvation'), Jehoshua, [b] [2] [3] or Josue, [4] functioned as Moses' assistant in the books of Exodus and Numbers, and later succeeded Moses as leader of the Israelite tribes in the Book of Joshua of the Hebrew Bible. [5]
The English name Jesus, from Greek Iēsous, is a rendering of Joshua (Hebrew Yehoshua, later Yeshua), and was not uncommon in Judea at the time of the birth of Jesus. Folk etymology linked the names Yehoshua and Yeshua to the verb meaning 'save' and the noun 'salvation'. [29]
Two Talmudic-era texts referring to a "Jesus, son of Pantera (Pandera)" are Tosefta Hullin 2:22f: "Jacob… came to heal him in the name of Jesus son of Pantera" and Qohelet Rabbah 1:8(3): "Jacob… came to heal him in the name of Jesus son of Pandera" and some editions of the Jerusalem Talmud also specifically name Jesus as the son of Pandera ...
Bauckham notes that the spelling Yeshu is found on one ossuary, Rahmani 9, which supports that the name Yeshu was not invented as a way of avoiding pronouncing the name Yeshua or Yehoshua in relation to Jesus, but that it may still be that rabbinical use of Yeshu was intended to distinguish Jesus from rabbis bearing the biblical name "Joshua", Yehoshua. [9]