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The Romani people have long been a part of the collective mythology of the West, where they were (and very often still are) depicted as outsiders, aliens, and a threat. For centuries they were enslaved in Eastern Europe and hunted in Western Europe: the PoĊajmos, Hitler's attempt at genocide, was one violent link in a chain of persecution that encompassed countries generally considered more ...
From the 1920s, Romany Gypsies in the New Forest region of southern England were forced into a series of compounds. These were later replaced with a "Gypsy rehabiliation centre" at Thorney Hill, created for the purpose of forced assimilation, which remained active until the mid-1970s.
The Romani have Indo-Aryan roots and heritage and first entered Europe via the Middle East around a thousand years ago. They spread further through Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries, separating into various subgroups in the process. They speak Romani, an Indo-Aryan language.
The Prison Window by John Phillip depicting a Romani family in Spain during the Great Gypsy Round-up.. The Great Gypsy Round-up (Spanish: Gran Redada de Gitanos), also known as the general imprisonment of the Gypsies (prisión general de gitanos), was a raid authorized and organized by the Spanish Monarchy that led to the arrest of most Roma in the region and the genocide of 12,000 Romani ...
Scottish Romani are the Romani people of Scotland. This includes Romanichal (locally also known as Border Gypsies) and Lowland Romani (Lowland Gypsies). [1]Scottish Travellers are non-Romani groups indigenous to Scotland who live or traditionally lived a nomadic lifestyle, including Scottish Highland Travellers, Scottish Lowland Travellers and Showmen (Funfair Travellers).
As time elapsed, the notion of "the gipsy/gypsy" altered to include other associated stereotypes such as nomadism and exoticism. [27] John Matthews in The World Atlas of Divination refer to gypsies as "Wise Women". [28] Colloquially, gipsy/gypsy is used refer to any person perceived by the speaker as fitting the gypsy stereotypes. [29]
Romani people have been recorded in the United Kingdom since at least the early 16th century. There are estimated to be around 225,000 Romani people residing in the UK. This includes the Romanichal, Kale (Welsh Romani), Scottish Lowland Romani and a sizeable population of Roma from Central and Eastern Europe, who immigrated into the UK in the late 1990s/early 2000s and after EU expansion in 2004.
At that time, the Roma were not considered vagabonds, but rather "as part of the national mosaic, not as foreign patterns." In medieval Europe, numerous laws and edicts were issued to expel the Roma or forcibly assimilate them in various countries. In 1471, the first anti-Gypsy law was introduced in Lucerne(Switzerland).