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An orienteering map, and a compass, are the primary aids for the competitor to complete an orienteering course of control points as quickly as possible. [2] A map that is reliable and accurate is essential so that a course can be provided which will test the navigational skills of the competitor.
Political map of Europe, showing south at the top. Research suggests that north-south positions on maps have psychological consequences. In general, north is associated with richer people, more expensive real estate, and higher altitude, while south is associated with poorer people, cheaper prices, and lower altitude (the "north-south bias").
Controls are marked with a white and orange flag in the terrain, and corresponding purple symbols on an orienteering map. The challenge is to complete the course by visiting all control points in the shortest possible time, aided only by the map and a compass. [1] An example of how control points are shown on an O map
In amateur radio direction finding, the competitor uses a hand-held receiver to locate radio beacons at up to five control points that are not marked on the map. The Start, Finish, and optional drinking water stations are marked. In trail orienteering, the control point is marked on the map and up to five control kites are placed in that ...
They are topographic maps although much more detailed than general-purpose maps. The ISOM map scales are 1:15,000, 1:10,000, or 1:7,500, with grids aligned to magnetic north . Map symbols are standardized by the IOF, [ 25 ] and designed to be readable by any competitor regardless of background or native tongue.
TempO competition map made by TiM (ETOC 2018 Bratislava) The orienteering map is in ISSOM, usually at 1:5000 or 1:4000 scale. [5] For timed and TempO controls, maps must be prepared in a very complicated way (the map must be rotated and the sheet is completed by control descriptions, North arrow, pointing board etc.).
Map orientation, the relationship between directions on a map and compass directions; Orientation (housing), the position of a building with respect to the sun, a concept in building design; Orientation of churches, the architectural feature of facing ("orienting"), churches towards the east (Latin: oriens)
American (NACMO) mounted orienteering competitions resemble rogaining in that courses are long and competitors choose the order in which to seek control points, and resemble treasure hunting or fox Oring in that once in the vicinity of a control point the task is to search for (rather than navigate to) a landmark and from there follow a compass heading to the control point.