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Brain cells make up the functional tissue of the brain. The rest of the brain tissue is the structural stroma that includes connective tissue such as the meninges , blood vessels , and ducts. The two main types of cells in the brain are neurons , also known as nerve cells, and glial cells , also known as neuroglia. [ 1 ]
PET image of the human brain showing energy consumption. The brain consumes up to 20% of the energy used by the human body, more than any other organ. [131] In humans, blood glucose is the primary source of energy for most cells and is critical for normal function in a number of tissues, including the brain. [132]
The development of the nervous system in humans, or neural development, or neurodevelopment involves the studies of embryology, developmental biology, and neuroscience.These describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the complex nervous system forms in humans, develops during prenatal development, and continues to develop postnatally.
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.It consists of nervous tissue and is typically located in the head (cephalization), usually near organs for special senses such as vision, hearing and olfaction.
The Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types in the human body". [13] By 2018, the Human Cell Atlas description based the project on the assumption that "our characterization of the hundreds of types and subtypes of cells in the ...
The cerebellum is only about one-tenth the size of your whole brain. But it contains about half of all the neurons in your brain. (Neurons are the cells that send signals between your brain and ...
The human brain is one of the most complex structures nature has ever devised, and that means there’s a lot we still don’t know about the three pounds of neurons and fat that rests between our ...
Taken all together, adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus of black-capped chickadees suggest a selective mechanisms for neuronal survival in direct correlation with seasonal food caching behavior. Developmentally, progenitor cells called radial glial cells are thought to mitigate newly born neurons to their destinations. [45]