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SM-102 is a synthetic amino lipid which is used in combination with other lipids to form lipid nanoparticles. [1] These are used for the delivery of mRNA-based vaccines, [2] [3] [4] and in particular SM-102 forms part of the drug delivery system for the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine.
Becoming seropositive for COVID-19 antibodies can occur due to either infection with COVID-19 itself or due to becoming vaccinated to COVID-19. [33] Being seropositive for COVID-19 does not intrinsically confer immunity or even resistance. However, higher rates of seroconversion are linked to greater clinical efficacy of vaccines.
Abdala, technical name CIGB-66, is a COVID-19 vaccine developed by the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Cuba. [2] This candidate, named after a patriotic drama by Cuban independence hero José Martí , is a protein subunit vaccine containing COVID-derived proteins that trigger an immune response. [ 3 ]
Among the COVID-19 vaccines are a number of RNA vaccines to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and some have been approved or have received emergency use authorization in some countries. For example, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine and Moderna mRNA vaccine are approved for use in adults and children in the US. [70] [71] [72]
Human coronavirus OC43 [1] (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped , positive-sense , single-stranded RNA virus that enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor . [ 4 ]
Molecular diagnostics is a collection of techniques used to analyze biological markers in the genome and proteome, and how their cells express their genes as proteins, applying molecular biology to medical testing.
SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some have been stated, to be of particular importance due to their potential for increased transmissibility, [1] increased virulence, or reduced effectiveness of vaccines against them. [2] [3] These variants contribute to the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
[2] [3] The N protein is the most highly expressed of the four major coronavirus structural proteins. [2] In addition to its interactions with RNA, N forms protein-protein interactions with the coronavirus membrane protein (M) during the process of viral assembly. [2] [3] N also has additional functions in manipulating the cell cycle of the ...