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Crania Americana; or, A Comparative View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of North and South America: To which is Prefixed An Essay on the Varieties of the Human Species. Philadelphia: J. Dobson, 1839. Catalogue of the Skulls of Man and the Inferior Animals in the Collection of Samuel George Morton, Philadelphia: Turner and Fisher, 1840.
Dr. Ruschenberger rose to the rank of commodore before he retired. He wrote several works based on his service in the Pacific and along the coast of South America. He was a contributor to Samuel George Morton's work on the "science" of race. He dedicated A Voyage Around the World to Morton and in return Morton dedicated his Crania Americana to ...
Morton had many skulls from ancient Egypt, and concluded that the ancient Egyptians were not African, but were White. His two major monographs were the Crania Americana (1839), An Inquiry into the Distinctive Characteristics of the Aboriginal Race of America and Crania Aegyptiaca (1844).
Beginning in the 1830s, physician and professor Samuel George Morton collected about 900 crania, and after his death the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia added hundreds more.
Morton, a prominent scientist and physician in the 1800s, took the remains to prove the brains of other races were intellectually and morally inferior to Europeans. ... which contained 1300 crania ...
An 1839 drawing by Samuel George Morton of "a Negro head …, a Caucasian skull …, a Mongol head" In Crania Americana Morton claimed that Caucasians had the biggest brains, averaging 87 cubic inches, Indians were in the middle with an average of 82 cubic inches and Negroes had the smallest brains with an average of 78 cubic inches. [1]
With his father, Gliddon collected mummy skulls for Samuel George Morton, [1] for a total of 137 crania that remained intact after shipping. He collected the skulls from ancient tombs, sepulchral caverns of Egypt, and Cairo's vast necropolis [9] [17] [a] Morton, author of Crania Americana, [9] acquired 100 Egyptian crania specimens. [12]
[14] [15] [16] Samuel Morton's Crania Americana, published in 1839, was one such study, arguing that intelligence was correlated with brain size and that both of these metrics varied between racial groups. [17] Francis Galton, an English eugenicist, argued that genius was unevenly distributed among racial groups.