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Pressure head is the difference in pressure between the suction point and the discharge point, expressed as an equivalent height of fluid. Velocity head represents the kinetic energy of the fluid due to its bulk motion. Friction loss (or head loss) represents energy lost to friction as fluid flows through the pipe.
Thus, discharge head (the height which the fluid can reach after getting pumped) varies according to its operating conditions. Total Head is the difference between the height to which the fluid can rise at the outlet and the height to which it can rise at the inlet for a centrifugal pump. This is a crucial parameter for pump selection and is a ...
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
The affinity laws are useful as they allow the prediction of the head discharge characteristic of a pump or fan from a known characteristic measured at a different speed or impeller diameter. The only requirement is that the two pumps or fans are dynamically similar, that is, the ratios of the fluid forced are the same.
In fluid dynamics, head is a concept that relates the energy in an incompressible fluid to the height of an equivalent static column of that fluid. From Bernoulli's principle, the total energy at a given point in a fluid is the kinetic energy associated with the speed of flow of the fluid, plus energy from static pressure in the fluid, plus energy from the height of the fluid relative to an ...
When free flow conditions exist, the user only needs to collect one head measurement (Ha, the primary point of measurement) to determine the discharge. For submerged flow, a secondary head measurement (Hb) is required to determine the flume is submerged and the degree of submergence.
The head added by the pump is a sum of the static lift, the head loss due to friction and any losses due to valves or pipe bends all expressed in metres of fluid. Power is more commonly expressed as kilowatts (10 3 W, kW) or horsepower (1 hp = 0.746 kW).
Pump size is also determined by the depth and weight of the oil to remove, with deeper extraction requiring more power to move the increased weight of the discharge column (discharge head). A beam-type pumpjack converts the rotary motion of the motor (usually an electric motor ) to the vertical reciprocating motion necessary to drive the ...