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Guanfacine is also used off-label to treat tic disorders, anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, and PTSD. [ 24 ] [ 15 ] Guanfacine and other α 2A -adrenergic receptor agonists have anxiolytic -like action, [ 25 ] thereby reducing the emotional responses of the amygdala , and strengthening prefrontal cortical regulation of ...
Methamphetamine [note 1] (contracted from N-methylamphetamine) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is mainly used as a recreational or performance-enhancing drug and less commonly as a second-line treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). [23]
Psychoactive drug misuse, dependence, and addiction have resulted in legal measures and moral debate. [8] Governmental controls on manufacture, supply, and prescription attempt to reduce problematic medical drug use; worldwide efforts to combat trafficking in psychoactive drugs are commonly termed the " war on drugs ".
Cocaine is a stimulant but is not normally prescribed therapeutically for its stimulant properties, although it sees clinical use as a local anesthetic, in particular in ophthalmology. [152] Most cocaine use is recreational and its abuse potential is high (higher than amphetamine), and so its sale and possession are strictly controlled in most ...
[116] [160] MDA is an entactogen, stimulant, and weak psychedelic similarly to MDMA. [18] Like MDMA, it acts as a potent and well-balanced SNDRA and as a weak serotonin 5-HT 2 receptor agonist. [ 153 ] [ 158 ] [ 159 ] However, MDA shows much more potent and efficacious serotonin 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2B , and 5-HT 2C receptor agonism than MDMA.
Use of stimulants may cause the body to significantly reduce its production of endogenous compounds that fulfill similar functions. Once the effect of the ingested stimulant has worn off the user may feel depressed, lethargic, confused, and dysphoric. This is colloquially termed a "crash" and may promote reuse of the stimulant.
A stimulant is a drug that stimulates the central nervous system, increasing arousal, attention and endurance. Stimulants are used in psychiatry to treat attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder . Because the medications can be addictive, patients with a history of drug abuse are typically monitored closely or treated with a non-stimulant.
This plant, also known as "ma huang", is an herb which has been used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine as a stimulant and antiasthmatic medicine. [ 61 ] [ 62 ] Ephedrine ((1 R ,2 S )-β-hydroxy- N -methylamphetamine), an analogue and derivative of amphetamine and the major pharmacologically active constituent of ephedra ...