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More recently concepts have moved beyond discrimination to include diversity, equity and inclusion as motives for preferring historically underrepresented groups. In the famous Bakke decision of 1978, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, diversity now became a factor in constitutional law. The Supreme Court ruled quotas were ...
Inclusion criteria concern properties of the target population, defining the population to which the study's results should be generalizable. Inclusion criteria may include factors such as type and stage of disease , the subject’s previous treatment history, age , sex , race , ethnicity .
Community integration, while diversely defined, is a term encompassing the full participation of all people in community life. It has specifically referred to the integration of people with disabilities into US society [1] [2] from the local to the national level, and for decades was a defining agenda in countries such as Great Britain. [3]
Inclusion in education, especially involving special education, has been a long-standing debate in many schools. Inclusion in this context is referring to putting students with special needs in the general classroom for most or all of the school day. The main reason people see this as beneficial is to reduce the social segregation for students.
Social policies that foster social inclusion, reduce poverty and tackle other forms of social exclusion can be important in this respect. [1] Social empowerment refers to the conditions that enable people to participate in their society, such as having good health, education and democratic opportunities for participation, such as voting and ...
Equity and inclusion in education refers to the principle or policy that provides equal access for all learners to curriculum and programming within an educational setting. Some school boards have policies that include the terms inclusion and diversity. [1] Equity is a term sometimes confused with equality. [2]
Social integration is the process during which newcomers or minorities are incorporated into the social structure of the host society. [1] Social integration, together with economic integration and identity integration, are three main dimensions of a newcomers' experiences in the society that is receiving them. [1]
Other factors that influence positive teacher attitudes toward inclusion are pre-service training (i.e., educational or general education courses). [29] It has been suggested that "pre-service training may be the optimum time to address educators' concerns and change any negative attitudes about inclusive education". [ 29 ]