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  2. Water softening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_softening

    Since these systems do not work by exchanging ions, like traditional water softeners do, one benefit claimed for the user is the elimination of the need to add salt to the system. Such systems do not remove minerals from the water itself. Rather, they can only alter the downstream effects that the mineral-bearing water would otherwise have.

  3. Dealkalization of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dealkalization_of_water

    Like water softeners, dealkalizers contain ion-exchange resins that are regenerated with a concentrated salt solution - NaCl. In the case of a water softener, the cation exchange resin is exchanging sodium (the Na + ion of NaCl) for hardness minerals such as calcium and magnesium. A dealkalizer contains strong base anion exchange resin that ...

  4. Ion exchange - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_exchange

    Water softeners are usually regenerated with brine containing 10% sodium chloride. [7] Aside from the soluble chloride salts of divalent cations removed from the softened water, softener regeneration wastewater contains the unused 50–70% of the sodium chloride regeneration flushing brine required to reverse ion-exchange resin equilibria.

  5. Why salt melts ice — and how to use it on your sidewalk - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/chemists-told-us-why-salt...

    A chemistry professor explains the science that makes salt a cheap and efficient way to lower freezing temperature. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: ...

  6. Dishwasher salt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dishwasher_salt

    Table salt may contain added iodine in the form of sodium iodide or potassium iodide. These compounds will not affect the ion-exchange system, but adding table salt to the dishwasher's water softening unit can damage it. [2] If a dishwasher has a built-in water softener there will be a special compartment inside the dishwasher where the salt is ...

  7. Total dissolved solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_dissolved_solids

    When measuring water treated with water softeners, high levels of total dissolved solids do not correlate to hard water, as water softeners do not reduce TDS; rather, they replace magnesium and calcium ions, which cause hard water, with an equal charge of sodium or potassium ions, e.g. Ca 2+ ⇌ 2 Na +, leaving overall TDS unchanged [9] or even ...